Wani abokin ciniki ya aiko mana da baturin rack 48V 200Ah LiFePO4 don yin bitar garanti. Kokensa: "Batir ya mutu bayan watanni shida." Lokacin da injiniyoyinmu suka buɗe shingen, kowane tantanin halitta ya auna 1.8V - da kyau ƙasa da yankewar gaggawa na 2.5V. BMS ya rufe. Baturin ya zauna a cikin kashe wutar lantarki na tsawon watanni huɗu a cikin garejin Arizona tare da tsarin sa ido har yanzu yana ɗaukar watts 15. Wannan nau'in nau'in cutarwa ya zubar da fakitin ya wuce iyakar kariya, kuma babu daidaitaccen caja da zai iya tada shi. Batir $3,200 da wata na'urar sa ido ta $15 ta lalatar ba wanda ya yi tunanin cire haɗin.
Gargadin fitar da baturi ya wanzu don hana daidai wannan yanayin. Ko faɗakarwar dashboard a cikin motarku ko ƙararrawar BMS akan tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gidanku, saƙon ɗaya ne: baturin ku yana yin asarar caji da sauri fiye da yadda yake samunsa, kuma idan ba ku yi aiki ba, lalacewar ta zama dindindin.
Menene Ainihin Ma'anar "Gargadin Fitar Batir"?
Gargadin fitar da baturi yana nuni da cewa yanayin cajin baturin (SOC) yana faɗuwa a ƙimar da zai kai ƙananan matakai. Gargadin ba yana gaya muku baturin ba daidai ba ne - yana gaya muku baturin yana cikin yanayi mai haɗari.
Abin da ke sa shi haɗari ya dogara da sinadaran baturi:
gubar -acid (batir ɗin mota):Fitar da ƙasa 50% SOC yana haifar da sulfation - lu'ulu'u na gubar sulfate suna samuwa akan faranti kuma suna taurare akan lokaci. Baturin gubar da aka fitar da shi mai zurfi{3}}wanda ke zaune har na ƴan kwanaki yana iya rasa kashi 20-30% na ƙarfinsa na dindindin.
LiFePO4 (batura ma'ajiyar kuzari):Fitar da ke ƙasa da ƙarfin wutan yanke BMS (yawanci 2.5V kowane tantanin halitta, ko 40V don fakitin 48V) yana haifar da rufewar kariya. Idan baturin yana zaune a cikin wannan yanayin, ci gaba da fitar da kai{4}} na iya tura sel ƙasa da 2.0V, yana haifar da rushewar jan karfe daga mai tarawa na yanzu ({6}} wani nau'in sinadari mara jurewa wanda ke haifar da gajerun da'ira na ciki.
A kowane hali, gargaɗin shine taga don aiki. Yi watsi da shi, kuma kuna siyan sabon baturi.
Dalilai 7 Mafi Yawanci
1. Abubuwan Da Ya Shafa (The Silent Killer)
Kowane tsarin baturi yana da abubuwan da ke jan wuta koda lokacin da babban lodi ya kashe: tsarin sa ido, jiran aiki na BMS, alamun LED, Wi{0}Fi modules, wutar jiran aiki inverter.
Lissafin kai tsaye amma sau da yawa ba a kula da shi:
Batirin 48V 100Ah LiFePO4 yana riƙe da 4,800 Wh na makamashi mai amfani (a 90% DoD=4,320 Wh). Mai canza hasken rana a yanayin jiran aiki yana zana 20-40W. A zana 30W akai-akai ba tare da shigar da hasken rana ba:
4,320 Wh ÷ 30W=144 hours=6 kwanaki don cikar fitarwa
Kwanaki shida na yanayin girgije tare da inverter babu wanda ya kashe. Abin da ake bukata ke nan.
⚡ Pro Tukwici:Kafin barin kowane tsarin baturi ba tare da kula da shi ba fiye da awanni 48 - hutu, gida na yanayi, wurin gini - a zahiri cire haɗin baturin daga duk lodi ta amfani da na'urar kashe DC ko cire haɗin haɗin. Wurin jiran aiki na BMS shi kaɗai (yawanci 5-15 mA) na iya zubar da baturi sama da watanni 3-6 na ajiya.
2. Babban Bankin Baturi
Idan lodin ku akai-akai yana fitar da baturin zuwa 20% SOC ko ƙasa da shi kowane dare, baturin ba ya kasawa - yana da ƙasa. Wannan shine mafi yawan abubuwan da ke haifar da "gargadin fitarwa" a cikitsarin ajiyar makamashi na zama.
Gidan da ke cin 30 kWh/rana wanda aka haɗa tare da baturi 10 kWh guda ɗaya yana tsammanin baturi zai sake zagayowar a zurfin 100% na fitarwa kullum. Ko da tare da kyakkyawan rayuwar zagayowar LiFePO4, wannan yana haɓaka ɓarna sosai.
3. Rashin Tsarin Cajin
A cikin motoci:Maɓalli mai lalacewa ko lalata tasha na baturi yana nufin fitowar baturi yayin tuƙi saboda ba'a caji. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki a tashoshin baturi yakamata ya karanta 13.8-14.4V tare da injin yana gudana. A ƙasa 13.0V yana nuna matsalar tsarin caji.
A cikin tsarin hasken rana:Mai tsinkewa tsakanin filayen hasken rana da mai kula da caji, gazawar MPPT tracker, ko shading akan fatuna masu mahimmanci na iya rage cajin halin yanzu zuwa kusa da sifili. Baturin ku yana fitowa kullum kowace yamma amma baya cika cikar caji gobe. Fiye da mako guda, SOC yana raguwa har sai BMS ya haifar da ƙaramin gargaɗin wutar lantarki -. Bincika rajistan ayyukan ayyukan yau da kullun na mai kula da cajin hasken rana - raguwar kwatsam a cikin kWh da aka samar da maki zuwa gefen caji, ba baturi ba.
4. Matsananciyar Zazzabi
Zazzabi shine mafi ƙarancin fitarwa mai sauri. Yanayin sanyi lokaci guda yana rage ƙarfin samuwa kuma yana ƙara juriya na ciki:
| Zazzabi | Akwai Ƙarfin (LiFePO4) | Canjin Juriya na Cikin Gida |
|---|---|---|
| 25 digiri (77 digiri F) | 100% (ƙididdigar) | Baseline |
| 0 digiri (32 F) | 80–85% | +30–50% |
| -10 digiri (digiri 14 F) | 60–70% | +80–120% |
| -20 digiri (-4 digiri F) | 40–55% | +150–200% |
Baturin da aka ƙididdigewa a 200Ah yana ba da 120-140Ah kawai a- digiri 10. Idan girman tsarin ku ya kasance don ƙididdige ƙarfin aiki, aikin hunturu zai haifar da ƙaramar faɗakarwa -SOC har ma da isasshen cajin hasken rana. Don tsarin da aka tura a cikin yanayin sanyi, kai{8}} dumama fasahar BMS tana hana asarar iya aiki - duba jagorarmu akanyadda tsarin ajiyar makamashin baturi ke aiki.
5. Rashin Ma'auni
A cikin fakitin baturi da yawa - sel, a hankali sel suna watsewa cikin iya aiki da ƙarfin lantarki sama da ɗaruruwan hawan keke. Idan ɗayan tantanin halitta a cikin fakitin 16S (48V) ya kai 2.5V yayin da sauran 15 ke ci gaba da kasancewa a 3.1V, BMS yana haifar da ƙarancin kariyar wutar lantarki ga fakitin gabaɗaya - duk da cewa fakitin yana da ƙarfin gabaɗaya 70%.
Gyara: BMS tare da daidaitawar tantanin halitta, ba kawai m. Daidaitaccen daidaitawa kawai yana aiki yayin caji (yawan zubar jini daga manyan sel). Daidaita aiki yana sake rarraba kuzari tsakanin sel yayin caji da fitarwa, yana kiyaye fakitin ya daɗe.
6. Rashin Matsala Tsakanin Matsaloli
Zana 200A akai-akai daga baturin da aka ƙididdige don 100A mafi girma yana haifar da kariya mai wuce gona da iri - BMS yana yanke fitarwa don hana zafi fiye da lalata cell. Wannan yana kama da "gargadin fitarwa" amma a zahiri rufewar tsaro ne.
Kafin yin girman kutsarin ajiyar makamashin baturi, lissafta mafi girman nauyin halin yanzu:Mafi girman ƙarfin halin yanzu=Ƙarfin Ƙarfi (W) ÷ Wutar lantarki (V). Mai juyawa 5,000W akan bankin baturi 48V yana zana 104A ci gaba. Matsakaicin ƙimar fitarwar baturin ku dole ne ya wuce wannan tare da gefe.
7. Yawan tsufan baturi da Fade iya aiki
Bayan 3, 000+ zagayawa, har ma da inganci{2}} batura LiFePO4 suna riƙe kashi 80% na ƙarfin asali kawai. Batirin 200Ah yanzu yana ba da 160Ah. Idan kayanku bai canza ba amma a hankali lokacin aikinku ya ragu sama da shekaru 2-3, wannan shine al'ada tsufa - ba laifi bane. Koyaya, alaƙar da ke tsakanin zurfin fitarwa da jimillar kayan aikin rayuwa ba ta kan layi:
| Zurfin Fitowa | Kiyasta Rayuwar Zagayowar (LiFePO4) | Tasirin Makamashi na Rayuwa |
|---|---|---|
| 100% DoD | ~ 3,000 zagayowar | 3,000 × cikakken iya aiki |
| 80% DoD | ~ 5,000 zagayowar | 4,000 × cikakken iya aiki |
| 50% DoD | ~8, 000+ zagayawa | 4, 000+ × cikakken iya aiki |
Tsayawa DoD a 80% maimakon 100% yana ƙaddamar da jimlar kayan aiki da sama da 30%. Fahimtar hakanFarashin BESS- musamman ma'aunin $/cycle/kWh - yana taimaka muku yanke shawara mafi wayo a gaba.
Farfadowa na Gaggawa: Abin da za a Yi Lokacin da BMS Ya Riga Ya Kashe
Idan baturin ku na LiFePO4 ya karanta 0V a tashoshi, BMS ya shiga yanayin kariya mai zurfi. Kwayoyin baturi na iya samun caji, amma BMS MOSFET masu sauyawa a buɗe suke. Ga jerin dawo da:
Mataki 1:Auna ƙarfin lantarki ɗaya ɗaya. Samun dama ga wayoyi ta wayar salula (ko amfani da app na saka idanu na BMS idan har yanzu suna da amsa). Idan duk sel sun karanta sama da 2.5V, fakitin yana iya dawowa.
Mataki na 2:Aiwatar da LiFePO4 - caja mai dacewa tare da kunnawa/karfi{5}} yanayin caji. Madaidaicin caja sau da yawa ba za su iya gano baturin "matattu" ba (karanta ƙarshen 0V) kuma ba zai fara caji ba. Yanayin tilasta caji yana tura ƙaramin halin yanzu (0.5-1A) don tada BMS.
Mataki na 3:Kula da yanayin yanayin salula yayin farfadowa. Idan kowane tantanin halitta ya wuce digiri 45 yayin cajin farko, dakatar da nan da nan - wannan yana nuna lalacewar ciki.
Mataki na 4:Da zarar BMS ta sake yin -, yi cikakken caji/ sake zagayowar fitarwa don sake daidaita ƙimar SOC. Ma'aunin coulomb na BMS ya rasa daidaito bayan rufewa mai zurfi.
🚨 Gargadi:Idan kowane tantanin halitta ya karanta ƙasa da 2.0V, KAR KU YI yunƙurin farfadowa ba tare da ƙima na ƙwararru ba. A ƙasa 2.0V, da alama an fara rushewar jan karfe. Tilasta caji cikin jan ƙarfe{4}} gurɓataccen tantanin halitta yana haifar da gajerun gajeru na ciki waɗanda zasu iya haifar da abubuwan zafi yayin babban caji na gaba- na yanzu.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Zan iya musaki gargaɗin fitarwa?
A kan dashboards na mota, wasu samfuran suna ba da izinin kashe sanarwar - amma wannan yana da haɗari. Gargadin ya wanzu saboda ci gaba da fitarwa yana kashe baturin. A cikin tsarin ma'ajiyar makamashi, ƙarancin BMS - yankewar wutar lantarki ba shi da - fasalin aminci da za a iya sasantawa. Kar a taba ketare shi.
Sau nawa zan duba yanayin cajin baturi na?
Don ajiyar makamashin hasken rana: bincika yau da kullun ta hanyar aikace-aikacen sa ido na inverter a cikin watan farko, sannan kowane mako da zarar kun tabbatar da daidaita tsarin. Don tsarin yanayi (gidan, RVs), duba kafin da bayan kowane lokaci na rashin amfani.
Batir na hasken rana yana jawo ƙaramar gargaɗin wutar lantarki kowace safiya. Baturin yayi kyau?
Wataƙila ba- baturin ku ba zai yi ƙasa da girma ba don nauyin dare. Yi ƙididdige yawan amfanin ku na dare (kWh) kuma kwatanta shi da ƙarfin baturin ku a 80% DoD. Idan nauyin ya wuce ƙarfin aiki, kuna buƙatar ƙarin ajiya. Bincika mukewayon samfurdon samfuran LiFePO4 waɗanda aka tsara don hawan keke na zama da na kasuwanci.
Shin zurfin fitarwa yana shafar sau nawa zan ga gargadi?
Ee. Saita ƙarancin inverter ɗin ku - SOC yanke zuwa 20% (80% DoD) maimakon 10% (90% DoD) yana ba ku babban buffer aminci kuma yana ƙara tsawon rayuwar baturi. Ƙaramar sadaukarwa a cikin iya aiki na yau da kullun yana biya baya cikin shekaru ƙarin rayuwar sabis da ƙarancin abubuwan fitarwa masu mahimmanci.
Don taimako don ƙirƙira tsarin baturi wanda yayi daidai da ainihin bayanan ɗaukakar ku - kuma yana guje wa faɗakarwa gaba ɗaya -tuntuɓi ƙungiyar injiniya ta Polinoveldon shawarwarin girman girman kyauta.