Tsarin ajiyar makamashi: DC{0}}tsari da sarrafawa

Tsarin ajiyar makamashi-Amfanonin hanyoyin haɗin haɗin wutar lantarki masu sabuntawa an raba su zuwa nau'i biyu: haɗin haɗin AC da haɗin kai na DC.

 

 

Maganin haɗin haɗin AC daidai yake, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi, yana nufin grid na lantarki mai sabunta wutar lantarki{0}} kayan aikin da aka haɗa, kamar masu juyawa na hotovoltaic ko masu sauya injin turbine, ana haɗa su da na'ura mai sauya makamashi (PCS) ta hanyar grid na AC. Ƙarƙashin haɗin kai da sarrafa EMS, yana aiwatar da ayyuka kamar su kololuwar aski da cika kwari, haɓaka daidaiton tsinkaya, da santsi.

Babban abũbuwan amfãni na AC daidaitattun tsare-tsaren haɗin kai sun haɗa da sauƙi da tsabtaccen haɗin wutar lantarki tsakanin na'urori, ƙaddamar da aikin aiki, da sauƙin daidaitawa na haɓaka kayan aiki da tsarin masana'antu; Babban rashin amfani shine mafi girman farashi don layi da kayan haɗin da aka haɗa, saurin amsawar kulawa da sauri da ake buƙata don PCS, da ƙananan inganci don sauyawar makamashi da yawa.

Tsarin haɗakarwa zai iya amfani da hanyar haɗin DC da ke cikin mafi yawan grid makamashi mai sabuntawa{0}}haɗe da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki, ƙara na'urorin ajiyar makamashin baturi kai tsaye don rage yawan jujjuyawar wutar lantarki na makamashi mai sabuntawa. Wannan yana haɓaka haɗin grid na tsarin da ingancin ajiyar makamashi; yana kuma amfani kai tsaye yana amfani da grid ɗin makamashi mai sabuntawa- kayan aiki da aka haɗa da tashoshi na haɗin grid, yana kawar da buƙatar faɗaɗa kayan AC da rage farashin saka hannun jari na hardware. Duk da haka, akwai haɗin kai tsakanin tsarin sarrafawa da grid ɗin makamashi mai sabuntawa{4}} kayan aikin da aka haɗa, wanda ƙarfinsu ya dogara da hanyar sarrafa haɗin grid na ainihin tsarin makamashi mai sabuntawa.

 

Ɗaukar cikakken -grid turbine mai ƙarfi{1}}mai haɗin haɗin kai azaman misali, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi, gabaɗaya shine tsarin AC{2}DC-AC"baya-zuwa-baya". Grid {1} Su biyun an raba su ta gefen DC kuma ana sarrafa su da kansu, tare da babban bankin capacitor a gefen DC yana aiki azaman maɓalli da tsarin yankewa. Don haka, ta hanyar haɗa wani takamaiman ƙarfin BESS zuwa gefen DC don samar da tsarin haɗaɗɗiyar iska da tsarin ajiyar makamashi, grid{12}}waɗanda aka haɗa wutar lantarki za a iya sarrafa su da kyau kuma ana iya canja wurin makamashin cikin lokaci, ba tare da yin tasiri mai mahimmanci ga tsarin injin injin iska ba, musamman ma sarrafa injin injin injin injin.

Ƙa'idar sarrafa shi ta asali ita ce kamar haka: Mai kula da gida yana saita yanayin aiki, kamar kololuwar askewa da cika kwari, inganta daidaiton tsinkaya, ko sassauƙa, kuma yana haɗa bayanan aika grid don samar da jimillar grid{0}}wararren wutar lantarki da aka haɗa ∑P* don iska{1} tsarin ajiya a wani ɗan lokaci; yana lura da injin injin injin P_NEda matsayin tsarin ajiyar makamashi a cikin ainihin lokaci, kuma yana ƙididdigewa sosai kuma yana haifar da cajin tsarin ajiyar makamashi da umarnin sarrafawa P *_BESS:

BESS tana sarrafa injin turbin iska ta hanyar mai canza DC/DC, yana bin P*_BESSumarni don cimma ma'ajiyar makamashi da saki tsakanin gefen DC na injin turbine da baturi; grid -mai canza gefe yana aiki a yanayin gyarawa, yana tabbatar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na gefen DC Vde don cimma jimlar grid{1}}haɗin wutar lantarki ∑P na injin turbine:

Lokacin da SOC na tsarin ajiyar makamashi ya kasance a cikin mawuyacin hali, mai kula da gida kuma yana buƙatar iyakance umarnin fitarwa P *_NEna injin turbine ta hanyar tsara tsarin sarrafa injin injin injin, don gane iyakantaccen aiki na injin turbine.

 

Ana nuna sauƙin zane na tsarin sarrafawa a cikin adadi. V_dckuma U_gridyayi daidai da ingantattun ƙimar wutar lantarki na gefen DC{0} na injin turbine mai jujjuyawar iska da ƙarfin lantarki na grid, bi da bi; I_BEss, I_dc, I_NE, kuma I_griddaidai da caji da fitarwa na halin yanzu na tsarin ajiyar makamashi, DC halin yanzu na iskar turbine grid -mai canza gefe (mai gudana daga na yanzu{1}}bankin bas capacitor zuwa grid -mai canza gefen gada IGBT), halin yanzu DC na injin injin injin injin turbine{3}}mai jujjuyawa gefen gada{4} DC-bankin bas capacitor), da grid{6}}waɗanda aka haɗa halin yanzu na grid turbine{10}

Don induction janareta (DFIG) injin turbin iska sau biyu{0}}, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki (P)_NE) ya ƙunshi duka biyun rotor{0}}gefe da stator{1}} ikon fitarwa na gefe, waɗanda dole ne mai kula da gida yayi la'akari sosai yayin ƙididdige umarnin wutar lantarki na tsarin ajiyar makamashi.

Ana iya ganin cewa a cikin iska -tsarin ajiya, duka grid{1}}mai juyawa na gefe da injin turbine{2}}mai juyawa na gefe suna kula da ainihin yanayin sarrafa wutar lantarki na DC{3} da injin turbine{4}} yanayin sarrafa wutar lantarki, ba tare da buƙatar kowane canje-canje ga tsarin sarrafawa ba. Duk da haka, akan lokaci da ingantaccen sayan iskar- bayanan yanayin tsarin ajiya yana da mahimmanci ga mai sarrafa gida don cimma haɗin kai na tsarin ajiyar makamashi da kuma babban tsarin sarrafa injin injin iska.

 

An nuna tsarin sarrafawa don tsarin hoto mai daidaitacce{0}}ajiya DC a cikin adadi. Wannan tsarin sarrafawa baya shafar aikin injin inverter na hoto, wanda koyaushe yana aiki a cikin kololuwar tsarin ajiyar makamashi{2}}yanayin kaya ko gajeriyar yanayin{3}}ƙarfin lokaci{4}}yanayin iyaka. Tsarin ajiyar makamashi, tare da mai sarrafawa na gida, yana aiwatar da tsarin wutar lantarki mai sauri don kula da grid{6}}ƙarar haɗe na tsarin ma'auni{7}tsarin ma'ajiya a cikin madaidaicin bandwidth kuskuren sarrafawa.

Taimakawa haɗin grid na sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi wani yanki ne mai mahimmanci na aikace-aikacen BESS (Tsarin Adana Makamashi Madaidaici). Daga ma'aunin ma'auni na lokacin sarrafawa, ana iya raba wannan zuwa kololuwar sa'o'i{1}}cikowa da minti{2}} inganta matakin daidaiton hasashen hasashen da sassauƙar sauyi. Tsohon yana amfani da ƙarfin grid na yanzu don ɗaukar sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi kuma yana rage ...

Taimakawa haɗin haɗin makamashi mai sabuntawa shine yanki mai mahimmanci na aikace-aikace don Tsarin Ajiye Makamashi na Baseline (BESS). Daga mahangar lokaci, ana iya raba wannan zuwa ga kololuwar aski na sa'o'i da cika kwarin, da ingantaccen matakin na mintina{1} cikin daidaiton tsinkaya da sassauƙar juzu'i. Tsohon yana da mahimmanci don cikakken amfani da ƙarfin sabuntawar makamashi na grid na yanzu, rage ma'ajin naúrar na al'ada, ko guje wa tsawaita tauyewar makamashi mai sabuntawa. Ƙarshen, tare da fasahohin hasashen samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, yana haɓaka tsarawa da aika haɗin grid makamashi mai sabuntawa, yana haɓaka abokantaka na grid, kuma yana rage yawan ma'amalar albarkatun ƙayyadaddun mitar grid.

A cikin ayyuka masu amfani, aikace-aikace na aske kololuwa da cike kwari suna buƙatar tsarin BESS masu iya adanawa ko fitar da ƙimar wutar lantarki na awoyi da yawa, waɗanda ke buƙatar manyan na'urorin batir-. Karkashin tsarin kasuwanci na yanzu, kawai yin amfani da wannan aikin sau da yawa ba shi da tattalin arziki, ko kuma yana ɗaukar babban haɗari na raguwar fa'idodin tattalin arziki na yanayi. Koyaya, tare da ci gaba da haɓaka daidaiton hasashen samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa da tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki na BESS, yana yiwuwa gabaɗaya a haɗa minti{3}}matakin BESS{4}}taimakawa ayyukan haɗin grid makamashi mai sabuntawa cikin kololuwar aski da ayyukan cika kwari. Wannan yana ba da damar aiki don aiwatar da cikakkun aikace-aikace a ƙarƙashin gudanarwar haɗin gwiwa ta EMS ko mai kula da gida, ko dai lokaci{6}} rabawa ko a lokaci ɗaya, ta haka inganta ingantaccen tattalin arzikin aikin gabaɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, la'akari da buƙatun daidaita ƙarfi da ƙarfin aiki don haɓaka daidaiton tsinkaya da ayyukan sassauƙa, yawancin waɗannan aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da ƙaramin ƙarfi, babban{9}ƙarfin mitoci{10}nau'in ajiyar makamashi. Don haka, ƙarin waɗannan ayyukan yana da ɗan ƙayyadaddun tasiri akan daidaita kololuwar da ke akwai{12}}aikin aski da kwarin{13}}, yana mai da shi yiwuwa ta fasaha.