Batura masu cajimasu amfani da ruwa kamar yadda ake kira electrolyte batir mai ruwa. Idan aka kwatanta da batura na biyu waɗanda ke amfani da mafita na halitta azaman electrolyte, waɗannan batura ba kawai sun fi sauƙi don ƙira ba, har ma suna ba da fa'idodi da yawa kamar aminci, araha, da kyakkyawan aikin fitarwa na yanzu{1}. Ganin waɗannan halayen, batura masu ruwa sun nuna babban yuwuwar haɓakawa a cikin manyan tsarin ma'auni na makamashi da samar da wutar lantarki ga motocin lantarki.
A cikin 1994, ƙungiyar binciken Dahn et al. ta fara buga batirin lithium {{2} ion ta amfani da maganin ruwa mai ruwa a matsayin electrolyte a cikin mujallar Science. Ingantacciyar kayan lantarki na wannan baturi shine LiMn2O4, yayin da mummunan electrode shine VO2, kuma electrolyte da aka yi amfani da shi shine maganin Li2SO4 mai tsaka tsaki. Wannan baturi yana da matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki na kusan 1.5V da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun makamashi na 75 Wh/kg, wanda a aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen yana kusantar 40 Wh/kg. Wannan darajar ta zarce na batirin gubar -acid (kimanin 30 Wh/kg) kuma yana kwatankwacinsa da batirin nickel{16}}, kodayake kwanciyar hankalin sake zagayowar sa ba ta da kyau.
Daga baya, a cikin 2000, ƙungiyar Toki daga Japan ta ba da rahoton wani ƙirar batirin lithium{1} ion mai ruwa, wanda yayi amfani da LiV3Og azaman kayan lantarki mara kyau da LiNiO10.81CO0.19O2 azaman ingantaccen kayan lantarki, sannan kuma yayi amfani da Li.2SO4bayani a matsayin electrolyte.
A shekara ta 2006, wani rukunin bincike karkashin jagorancin Masanin kimiyya Chen Liquan na Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyyar Kimiyya ta kasar Sin, ya ba da rahoton wani baturin lithium mai ruwa da tsaki ta amfani da TiPO₄ da LiT₂ (PO₃)
A cikin 2007, ƙungiyar bincike ta Farfesa Wu Yuping a Jami'ar Fudan ta kuma buga batirin lithium na ruwa{1}Okamar yadda mummunan lantarki, LiMnO4a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki, da LINO a matsayin maganin electrolyte.
A cikin 2007, ƙungiyar bincike ta Farfesa Wu Yuping a Jami'ar Fudan ta kuma buga batirin lithium na ruwa{1}Okamar yadda mummunan lantarki, LiMnO4a matsayin tabbataccen lantarki, da LINO a matsayin maganin electrolyte.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, bisa la'akari da hanyoyin amsawa na abubuwa masu inganci da mara kyau, ƙungiyar ilimi ta gudanar da bincike mai zurfi akan na'urorin batir lithium da yawa dangane da masu amfani da ruwa.
Wadannan tsarin ana siffanta su ta hanyar amfani da mahadi masu iya yin tsaka-tsakin ion lithium azaman kayan aiki a duka na'urorin lantarki masu inganci da mara kyau. Lokacin zagayowar caji - zagayawa, lithium ions na iya juyawa tsakanin na'urorin lantarki guda biyu, samun damar ajiyar makamashi da saki. A halin yanzu, fasahar batirin lithium{3} ion mai ruwa tana fuskantar cikas da yawa a ci gabanta. Idan aka kwatanta da Organic electrolytes, sinadarai da electrochemical canje-canje da ion -masu hadaddiyar mahalli a cikin ruwayen lantarki tsarin baturi sun fi hadaddun, sauƙi jawo daban-daban na gefe halayen, ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga hulda tsakanin electrode kayan da ruwa ko oxygen, da co{6}}intercalation na protons da karfe ions, hydrogen/oxygen saki da ruwa tafiyar matakai, da electrode.
